The opposite wall of the refectory is covered by the Crucifixion fresco by Giovanni Donato da Montorfano, to which Leonardo added figures of the Sforza family in tempera these figures have deteriorated in much the same way as has The Last Supper. The lunettes above the main painting, formed by the triple arched ceiling of the refectory, are painted with Sforza coats-of-arms. The painting was commissioned by Sforza to decorate the wall of the mausoleum. Leonardo's patron, Ludovico Sforza, planned that the church should be remodeled as a family mausoleum, and to this end, changes were made, perhaps to plans by Bramante these plans were not fully carried out, and a smaller mortuary chapel was constructed, adjacent to the cloister. The main church building was being completed (in 1498). The theme was a traditional one for refectories, although the room was not a refectory at the time that Leonardo painted it. The Last Supper measures 460 cm × 880 cm (180 in × 350 in) and covers an end wall of the dining hall at the monastery of Santa Maria delle Grazie in Milan, Italy. 3.1 Non-modern painting, mosaic, and photography.Housed in the refectory of the Convent of Santa Maria delle Grazie in Milan, Italy, The Last Supper is his largest work, aside from the Sala delle Asse. Due to the methods used, a variety of environmental factors, and intentional damage, little of the original painting remains today despite numerous restoration attempts, the last being completed in 1999. In order to permit his inconsistent painting schedule and frequent revisions, it is painted with materials that allowed for regular alterations: tempera on gesso, pitch, and mastic. The work was commissioned as part of a plan of renovations to the church and its convent buildings by Leonardo's patron Ludovico Sforza, Duke of Milan. Some commentators consider it pivotal in inaugurating the transition into what is now termed the High Renaissance. Its handling of space, mastery of perspective, treatment of motion and complex display of human emotion has made it one of the Western world's most recognizable paintings and among Leonardo's most celebrated works. The painting represents the scene of the Last Supper of Jesus with the Twelve Apostles, as it is told in the Gospel of John – specifically the moment after Jesus announces that one of his apostles will betray him. The Last Supper ( Italian: Il Cenacolo or L'Ultima Cena ) is a mural painting by the Italian High Renaissance artist Leonardo da Vinci, dated to c.

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